In [1]: 
list = []
In [3]: 
list2 = [1, 'hello world', True, list]
In [4]: 
list2
Out[4]:
[1, 'hello world', True, []]
In [5]: 
list3 = [1,2,3]
In [6]: 
list3 + list2
Out[6]:
[1, 2, 3, 1, 'hello world', True, []]
In [7]: 
len(list3)
Out[7]:
3
In [8]: 
list3 * 2
Out[8]:
[1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]
In [9]: 
list3[0]
Out[9]:
1
In [10]: 
list3[-1]
Out[10]:
3
In [11]: 
list3
Out[11]:
[1, 2, 3]
In [12]: 
list3[0] = 10
In [13]: 
list3
Out[13]:
[10, 2, 3]
In [14]: 
a = list3
In [15]: 
a
Out[15]:
[10, 2, 3]
In [16]: 
b = a
In [17]: 
b
Out[17]:
[10, 2, 3]
In [18]: 
a[1] = 20
In [19]: 
a
Out[19]:
[10, 20, 3]
In [20]: 
b
Out[20]:
[10, 20, 3]
In [21]: 
c = a.copy()

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AttributeError                            Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-21-37d27e6e7a84> in <module>()
----> 1 c = a.copy()

AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'copy'
In [22]: 
dir(a)
Out[22]:
['__add__',
 '__class__',
 '__contains__',
 '__delattr__',
 '__delitem__',
 '__delslice__',
 '__doc__',
 '__eq__',
 '__format__',
 '__ge__',
 '__getattribute__',
 '__getitem__',
 '__getslice__',
 '__gt__',
 '__hash__',
 '__iadd__',
 '__imul__',
 '__init__',
 '__iter__',
 '__le__',
 '__len__',
 '__lt__',
 '__mul__',
 '__ne__',
 '__new__',
 '__reduce__',
 '__reduce_ex__',
 '__repr__',
 '__reversed__',
 '__rmul__',
 '__setattr__',
 '__setitem__',
 '__setslice__',
 '__sizeof__',
 '__str__',
 '__subclasshook__',
 'append',
 'count',
 'extend',
 'index',
 'insert',
 'pop',
 'remove',
 'reverse',
 'sort']
In [23]: 
c = a[:]
In [24]: 
a
Out[24]:
[10, 20, 3]
In [25]: 
c
Out[25]:
[10, 20, 3]
In [26]: 
a[-1] = 30
In [27]: 
a
Out[27]:
[10, 20, 30]
In [28]: 
c
Out[28]:
[10, 20, 3]
In [29]: 
[1,2,3] == [1,3,2]
Out[29]:
False
In [30]: 
list4 = [0,1,2,3,4,5]
In [31]: 
list4[0:2]
Out[31]:
[0, 1]
In [32]: 
1 in list4
Out[32]:
True
In [33]: 
10 in list4
Out[33]:
False
In [34]: 
list4
Out[34]:
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
In [35]: 
list4.append(6)
In [36]: 
list4
Out[36]:
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
In [37]: 
list4.pop()
Out[37]:
6
In [38]: 
list4
Out[38]:
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
In [39]: 
list4.pop(0)
Out[39]:
0
In [40]: 
list4
Out[40]:
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
In [41]: 
x = list4.append(6)
In [42]: 
x
In [43]: 
list4
Out[43]:
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
In [44]: 
y = list4.pop()
In [45]: 
y
Out[45]:
6
In [46]: 
y
Out[46]:
6
In [47]: 
del y
In [48]: 
y

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-48-009520053b00> in <module>()
----> 1 y

NameError: name 'y' is not defined
In [49]: 
list4
Out[49]:
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
In [50]: 
del list4[-1]
In [51]: 
list4
Out[51]:
[1, 2, 3, 4]
In [52]: 
dir(list4)
Out[52]:
['__add__',
 '__class__',
 '__contains__',
 '__delattr__',
 '__delitem__',
 '__delslice__',
 '__doc__',
 '__eq__',
 '__format__',
 '__ge__',
 '__getattribute__',
 '__getitem__',
 '__getslice__',
 '__gt__',
 '__hash__',
 '__iadd__',
 '__imul__',
 '__init__',
 '__iter__',
 '__le__',
 '__len__',
 '__lt__',
 '__mul__',
 '__ne__',
 '__new__',
 '__reduce__',
 '__reduce_ex__',
 '__repr__',
 '__reversed__',
 '__rmul__',
 '__setattr__',
 '__setitem__',
 '__setslice__',
 '__sizeof__',
 '__str__',
 '__subclasshook__',
 'append',
 'count',
 'extend',
 'index',
 'insert',
 'pop',
 'remove',
 'reverse',
 'sort']
In [53]: 
sorted(list4)
Out[53]:
[1, 2, 3, 4]
In [54]: 
list4
Out[54]:
[1, 2, 3, 4]
In [55]: 
list5 = [1,3,2,5,4]
In [56]: 
sorted(list5)
Out[56]:
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
In [57]: 
list5
Out[57]:
[1, 3, 2, 5, 4]
In [58]: 
list5.sort()
In [59]: 
list5
Out[59]:
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
In [60]: 
list5 = [1,3,2,5,4]
In [61]: 
sorted(list5, reverse=True)
Out[61]:
[5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
In [62]: 
list6 = ['a', 'aaa', 'aa']
In [65]: 
sorted(list6, key=len)
Out[65]:
['a', 'aa', 'aaa']
In [66]: 
sorted(list6, key=len, reverse=True)
Out[66]:
['aaa', 'aa', 'a']
In [67]: 
list6
Out[67]:
['a', 'aaa', 'aa']
In [68]: 
list7 = ['aa', 'b', 'ccc']
In [69]: 
';'.join(list7)
Out[69]:
'aa;b;ccc'
In [70]: 
x = ';'.join(list7)
In [71]: 
x
Out[71]:
'aa;b;ccc'
In [72]: 
x.split(';')
Out[72]:
['aa', 'b', 'ccc']
In [73]: 
# tuple
tuple1 = ()
tuple2 = (1, 3, 5)
In [74]: 
tuple2[0] = 10

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-74-a73b6f46c500> in <module>()
----> 1 tuple2[0] = 10

TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
In [75]: 
(x, y) = (1, 3)
In [76]: 
x
Out[76]:
1
In [77]: 
y
Out[77]:
3
In [80]: 
list1 = (1, 2, 'hello', tuple2)
In [81]: 
list1
Out[81]:
(1, 2, 'hello', (1, 3, 5))
In [84]: 
list1[-1][0] = 10

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-84-a1fa469c22d9> in <module>()
----> 1 list1[-1][0] = 10

TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
In [87]: 
list(tuple2)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-87-16d455d58089> in <module>()
----> 1 list(tuple2)

TypeError: 'list' object is not callable
In [86]: 
tuple2
Out[86]:
(1, 3, 5)
In [88]: 
list
Out[88]:
[]
In [89]: 
del list
In [90]: 
list(tuple2)
Out[90]:
[1, 3, 5]

file stream

In [91]: 
!pwd

/Users/Megaroutte
In [92]: 
! echo "Line1: Hello World" > data1.txt
In [93]: 
! echo "Line2: Hello people" >> data1.txt
In [94]: 
! echo "Line2: Hello you" >> data1.txt
In [96]: 
!cat data1.txt

Line1: Hello World
Line2: Hello people
Line2: Hello you
In [97]: 
fp = open('data1.txt')
In [98]: 
for line in fp:
    print line

Line1: Hello World

Line2: Hello people

Line2: Hello you
In [100]: 
fp = open('data1.txt')
for line in fp:
    print line,

Line1: Hello World
Line2: Hello people
Line2: Hello you
In [101]: 
fp = open('data1.txt')
line_list = fp.readlines()
In [102]: 
line_list
Out[102]:
['Line1: Hello World\n', 'Line2: Hello people\n', 'Line2: Hello you\n']
In [103]: 
fp = open('data1.txt')
string1 = fp.read()
In [104]: 
string1
Out[104]:
'Line1: Hello World\nLine2: Hello people\nLine2: Hello you\n'
In [105]: 
string1.count('Hello')
Out[105]:
3
In [107]: 
fw = open('data2.txt', 'w')
In [108]: 
!cat data1.txt
In [113]: 
! echo "Line1: Hello World" > data1.txt
In [114]: 
! echo "Line1: Hello People" >> data1.txt
In [115]: 
! echo "Line1: Hello You" >> data1.txt
In [116]: 
cat data1.txt

Line1: Hello World
Line1: Hello People
Line1: Hello You
In [117]: 
string1 = open('data1.txt').read()
In [118]: 
fw
Out[118]:
<open file 'data2.txt', mode 'w' at 0x103814660>
In [122]: 
fw.write(string1)
fw.close()
In [123]: 
!cat data2.txt

Line1: Hello World
Line1: Hello People
Line1: Hello You
Line1: Hello World
Line1: Hello People
Line1: Hello You
In [121]: 
string1
Out[121]:
'Line1: Hello World\nLine1: Hello People\nLine1: Hello You\n'
In [124]: 
fw = open('data2.txt', 'w')
string2 = 'This is a string'
In [126]: 
fw.write(string2)
fw.close()
In [127]: 
!cat data2.txt

This is a stringThis is a string

Exercise:

In [128]: 
l = ['', 'xyzzz', 'aabddda', 'xyx', 'bbbb']
for i in l:
    if len(i) > 2 and i[0] == i[-1]:
        print i

aabddda
xyx
bbbb
In [129]: 
# 2) remove the duplicates in the following list
l = [1,2,2,3,3,5,4,1,1,1]
new_list = []
for i in l:
    if not i in new_list:
        # add it
        new_list.append(i)
        
print new_list
        

  File "<ipython-input-129-e158a603ae20>", line 8
    print new_list
                  ^
IndentationError: expected an indented block
In [132]: 
!curl http://lyorn.idyll.org/~gjr/public2/swc/1k.taxonomy -O

  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed

  0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--     0
100  102k  100  102k    0     0  3207k      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 3302k
In [133]: 
# collect unique
unique_list = []
# collect all
all_list = []
for line in open('1k.taxonomy'):
    # +++add your code+++
    name, taxon = line.rstrip().split('\t')
    domain = taxon.split(';')[0]
    all_list.append(domain)
    if not domain in unique_list:
        unique_list.append(domain)

# count unique, hint: list.count
# +++add your code+++
for i in unique_list:
    count = all_list.count(i)
    print i, count

Bacteria 956
Eukaryota 19
Archaea 25
In [134]: 
pwd
Out[134]:
u'/Users/Megaroutte'
In []: